Global Warming or Global Warming is a process of increasing the average temperature of the atmosphere, ocean, and Earth's land.
Global average temperature on Earth's surface has risen 0.74 ° C ± 0:18 (1:33 ± 0:32 ° F) during the last hundred years. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that, "most of the increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century most likely caused by increased concentrations of greenhouse gases due to human activities" through the greenhouse effect. These basic conclusions have been raised by at least 30 scientific and academic bodies, including all the national science academies of the G8 countries.However, there are still some scientists who disagree with some of the conclusions of the IPCC noted.
Climate models referenced by the IPCC project shows the global surface temperature will rise 1.1 to 6.4 ° C (2.0 to 11.5 ° F) between 1990 and 2100. Guesstimate the difference was caused by the use of different scenarios on emissions of greenhouse gases in the future, as well as models of different climate sensitivities. While most research focuses on the period up to 2100, warming and sea level rise is expected to continue for more than a thousand years even if greenhouse gas emission levels have stabilized.This reflects the magnitude of the heat capacity of the oceans.
Rising global temperatures are expected to lead to other changes such as rising sea levels, increased intensity of extreme weather phenomena, as well as changes in the number and pattern of precipitation. Consequences of global warming is another affected agricultural output, the loss of glaciers, and the extinction of various animal species.
Some of the things that scientists are still doubtful about the amount of warming predicted to occur in the future, and how warming and the changes that occur will vary from one region to another. Until now the debate is still happening in world politics and the public about what, if any, action should be taken to reduce or reverse further warming or to adapt to the consequences that exist. Most of the governments of the world have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol, which leads to reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases.
The impact of global warming
Scientists use computer models of temperature, precipitation patterns and atmospheric circulation to study global warming. Based on these models, scientists have made some forecasts about the impact of global warming on the weather, sea levels, coastal, agricultural, wildlife and human health.
1. Starting Unstable Climate
Scientists predict that during global warming, the area north of the Northern Hemisphere (Northern Hemisphere) would heat up more than other regions on Earth. As a result, mountains of ice will melt and the land will shrink. Will be less ice will float on northern oceans. The regions that previously experienced mild snow, probably will not experience it again. In the mountains in temperate regions, snow-covered part will be less and will melt faster. Planting season will be longer in some areas. Temperatures in winter and at night would tend to increase.
2. Increased sea surface
Changes in the average height of sea level measured from the area with a stable geological environment. As the atmosphere warms, the surface layer of the oceans will also warm, so the volume will expand and raise the sea level.Warming will also melt more ice at the poles, especially around Greenland, which further increase the volume of water in the sea. Sea levels around the world has risen 10-25 cm (4-10 inches) during the 20th century, and IPCC scientists predict a further rise 9-88 cm (4-35 inches) in the 21st century.
3. Global temperatures are likely to increase
Increasing the temperature of the earth's surface will result in a very extreme climate changes on earth. This can lead to disruption of forests and other ecosystems, thereby reducing its ability to absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Global warming resulting in melting of icebergs in the polar regions that could lead to rising sea levels.
4. Ecological disturbance
Animals and plants are living things that are difficult to avoid the effects of warming because most of the land has been controlled by humans.In global warming, animals tend to migrate towards the poles and up mountains. Plants will change the direction of growth, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. However, human development will prevent this migration.Species that migrate north or south hindered by the cities or agricultural lands may be dead.Some types of species that are not able to rapidly move toward the poles, may disappear.
Control of global warming
Total consumption of fossil fuels in the world increased by 1 percent per year. The steps taken or are being discussed at this time no one can prevent global warming in the future. The challenge now is to overcome the effects that arise while doing the steps to prevent the changing climate in the future.
Severe damage can be overcome in various ways. Coastal areas can be protected by walls and barriers to prevent entry of sea water.Alternatively, governments can help the population in coastal areas to move to higher ground. Some countries, such as the United States, can save plants and animals while maintaining the corridor (line) habitat, emptying the soil that has not been built from south to north. Species can gradually move along this corridor to go to a cooler habitat.
There are two main approaches to slow the increasing greenhouse gases. First, it prevents the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by storing gas or its carbon component somewhere else. This is called carbon sequestration (carbon). Second, to reduce greenhouse gas production.
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